shortening duration of retention of catheters / drainsĪ single breach of aseptic technique may introduce only a small quantity of microorganism and may not lead to a serious outcome because the small numbers may be taken care of by the host defense mechanism. minimizing tissue injury and ischaemia including excessive use of diathermy and sutures that are too tight. Reducing predisposition of host to infection by:. Prevention of re-contamination of sterilized or disinfected instruments by avoiding contact between sterile and non-sterile items. Reduction of bacteria on the care provider especially the hands through hand washing, gowning and wearing sterile gloves. Reduction of bacteria at the point of entry (skin or mucosa of patients) of the host through the use of antiseptics. Minimizing the amount of microorganisms and dust in the environment through general cleanliness of rooms, air and equipment. The interplay between the factors can be represented by the equation.įactors Influencing Development of Infectionĭuring the performance of clinical procedures, the prevention of infection are be achieved through approaches based on the facts mentioned above. Organisms can be transferred (transmitted) from one location (animate and inanimate) to another through the air, via droplets, and, most importantly, through contact.Organisms can either be reduced in number by disinfection or removed entirely by various sterilization methods. 
Predisposition of host environment to infection. Yet most microorganisms are quite harmless. Some species consistently cause infection while others cause infection only in certain conditions and situations. Infection is caused by microorganisms (Bacteria, fungi, protozoa & viruses). Since they cannot be seen with the naked eye their presence should be assumed. Microorganisms are everywhere in the environment. BASIC FACTS RE: MICROORGANISMS & INFECTION The correct practice of this technique requires the understanding of some principles and facts. 
All rights reserved.The aseptic technique is a method of preventing the transmission of infection to the patient during the performance of various clinical procedures. y Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. Major advances are the use of low temperatures with shorter exposure times, in parallel with technological advances in instrumentation in order to avoid high temperatures and high use rotations due to workload.Īntisepsia Antisepsis Antiseptic Antiséptico Desinfección Desinfectante Disinfectant Disinfection Esterilización Sterilization.Ĭopyright © 2014 Elsevier España, S.L.U. Sterilization techniques are primarily physical, by exposing the material to steam, or sterilizing gas, using autoclaves. The spectrum of action of germicides depends on the product itself and external controllable factors: temperature, concentration, exposure time, etc.
Medical terminology and principles of asepsis skin#
Most biocides can act as antiseptics, and applied to skin tissue, or disinfectants on inanimate materials. Antimicrobial chemicals, that have mechanisms of action and resistances very similar to antibiotics, are generating concern due to the possibility of crossing genetic information that aggravates the problem of bacterial resistance. The disinfection is carried out using biocides or germicides. Both procedures must be preceded by an environmental cleanup in the location in which they intend to be applied. Antisepsis comprises a set of techniques aimed at the total sterilization, or at most, disinfection, removing germs that contaminate an environment.
This article aims to provide a brief review of the main concepts on which the prevention and control of infection are based.
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